Evaluating the impact of organic amendments on soil erosion dynamics: a comprehensive examination of application methods and timing

Abstract

Soil erosion is a significant challenge to sustainable agriculture and environmental health, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions. Effective soil conservation strategies are essential to mitigate erosion and maintain soil productivity. This study eval uates the effectiveness of different organic amendments (barberry biochar, vermicompost, poultry manure, and wheat straw) in reducing soil erosion. A rainfall simulator was used to assess erosion reduction over an 180-day period. The amendments were applied either as a surface mulch or incorporated into the soil. Changes in sediment concentration, runoff coefficients, and soil quality were monitored to determine their impact on erosion control. All amendments significantly reduced soil ero sion compared to untreated soil. Biochar was the most effective, particularly when applied as a surface mulch, as it lowered sediment concentration and runoff while improving soil fertility and resistance to erosion over time. Organic amendments, especially biochar, can play a crucial role in erosion control and soil improvement. Their long-term benefits become more pro nounced with time, highlighting the importance of sustained soil management practices. Converting biomass residues into biochar provides a sustainable way to enhance soil stability while repurposing agricultural waste. These findings contribute to the development of practical soil conservation strategies and emphasize the need for further research on adapting and scaling such approaches in diverse agricultural settings.