DEM analysis of backfilled walls subjected to active translation mode

Abstract

In this paper, the problem of a retaining wall under active translation mode was numerically investigated. A series of numerical models was conducted using the discrete element code, PFC2D. The backfill soil was simulated by an assembly of separate cohesionless circular particles. Backfill soil was prepared by pouring soil particles from a specific height under gravity force and giving them enough time for appropriate settlement. Different heights of retaining walls were simulated and the lateral earth pressure on the wall was observed under both at-rest and active conditions. Numerical results were compared with predictions from several analytical methods and measurements from physical models. The active state of earth pressure was defined as the earth pressure distribution corresponding to the values of wall displacement where the failure zone in the backfill was fully developed. The numerical results showed that the fully active state of earth pressure occurred at a wall displacement corresponding to the strains required for reaching the critical state in biaxial compressive tests.