Effects of Flaxseed-rich Diet on Reproductive Performance in Estrous-synchronized Baluchi Ewes

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of using different levels of flaxseed in diets on the reproductive performance of estrous-synchronized Baluchi ewes (para 3). Diets contained either basal diet (control) or different levels of extruded flaxseed (2%, 5%, 7%, 10%, and 12%) and were fed from lambing to 60 days after lambing. The ewe estrus cycles were synchronized using controlled internal drug release (CIDR) for 14 days starting from day 16 of fat supplementation. The rams were introduced 24 h after CIDR removal. The ewes fed control diets had the highest mean dry matter intake (1,800±35 g) which was declined with the increase of flaxseed levels. The experimental diets exerted no effects of urea concentration in blood plasma. However, plasma glucose concentration was lower (P<0.05) in the ewes fed the control diet and 2% flaxseed, compared to those in other groups. Nonetheless, there was no difference among the ewes fed 5%, 7%, 10%, and 12% flaxseed in terms of plasma glucose concentrations (P<0.05). The ewes fed 2% flaxseed had the highest level of plasma triglyceride concentration among other groups. In addition, the control group had the lowest level of plasma total cholesterol and low-density lipoproteins concentration in comparison to other groups (P<0.05). However, plasma nonesterified fatty acids and β-hydroxybutyrate concentrations were similar among the groups (P>0.05). The mean interval between CIDR removal and the exhibition of estrus ranged from 30 to 40 h with the shortest interval being recorded in the ewes fed 12% flaxseed (P<0.05). The control group had the lowest number of follicles on estrus day among other groups (P<0.05). Furthermore, the ewes fed 10% and 12% flaxseed had the highest ovulation, pregnancy, and lambing rates, compared to other groups (P<0.05). In conclusion, the findings revealed that feeding the ewes with 10% and 12% flaxseed resulted in the improvement of reproductive performance.