A Review of Recycled Aggregate Concrete (RAC) Usage in Civil Engineering

Abstract

Using of recycled aggregate (RA) in the production of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) has been shown to reduce natural aggregate (NA) usage and landfilling of building and destruction debris. A large number of research on the performance of RACs have been published in the literature during the previous decade, yet, there has been a dearth of instructions acceptance for the design of RAC and RAC structures. Recycling aggregates from building and destruction debris helps to protect natural aggregate supplies, minimize landfill requirements, and participate in a more sustainable built environment. This paper defines and reviews RA and RAC attributes. Characteristics of RAC are defined as the performance of fresh concrete, physical and chemical characteristics like density, carbonation depth, and chloride ion penetration, mechanical characteristics like compressive and bending, and long-term performance like freezing-thawing resistance, alkali-silica reaction resistance, creep, and dry contraction. The findings reveal those adjustments to expressions for physical-mechanical characteristics, durability-related variables, and structural characteristics are required to include RAC into design provisions.