A mini review on phytochemistry and anti-cancer effects of physalis extract

چکیده مقاله

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in many parts of the world. The most common cancer treatments are chemotherapy and radiation therapy, which despite many advances in recent decades, high side effects, cancer cell resistance, single-target molecular mechanism, and high cost have led researchers to seek new effective treatments to fight cancer with less toxicity and lower price. One of the most effective treatments is medicinal herbs. Medicinal plants have been considered by many researchers today due to their cost-effectiveness and less side effects. Some plants, including Physalis peruviana L., can be used to control many diseases, including cancer. Phytochemical studies of the fruit of this plant have identified polyphenols, thiamines, riboflavinas, phosphorus vitamins C, B, A and tannins. This plant is also rich in antioxidants. 100 grams of dried fruit of this plant has about 53 grams of calories, 0.7 grams of fat, 11.2 grams of carbohydrates, calcium and phosphorus, and in addition, it contains active compounds such as 4-beta-hydroxyvithanolide E and physalins. Cellular and molecular studies in relation to physalis show that this plant can prevent uncontrolled proliferation of cancer cells by inducing apoptosis and altering the cell cycle. 4-Beta-hydroxyvithanolide E, which is an active component of Physalis fruit extract, causes the accumulation of antioxidants in the NRF-2 system, which ultimately leads to cell death in cancer cells. The anti-cancer effects of Physalis fruit extract in various cancers including leukemia, colon cancer, and lung cancer have been studied and also confirmed in experimental model organisms. Due to these cases, it is suggested that the active compounds of this plant can be used for complementary therapies.